Struts2入门

2024-03-26 15:02:04

一.struts框架得到环境搭建

首先我们建一个maven项目（里面有很多细节问题可以看 https://www.cnblogs.com/chenjiahao9527/p/11079245.html）

这次在pom.xml加下面的代码

	  <dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.13</version>
		</dependency>

然后我们把下面配置文件导入项目中的src/amin/resources中

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<include file="struts-default.xml"></include><!-- 原有的配置文件  -->
	<include file="struts-base.xml"></include><!-- 基础的配置文件  -->
	<include file="struts-sy.xml"></include>
</struts>

　　struts-base.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" /><!-- 编码格式  -->
	<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /><!-- 动态方法调用  -->
	<constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" /><!-- 不重启项目修改代码立即生效 -->
	<constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" /><!-- 开起动态方法调用  -->

	<package name="base" extends="struts-default" abstract="true">
		<global-allowed-methods>regex:.*</global-allowed-methods>
	</package>
</struts>

　　struts-sy.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
    <!-- 这包能更加细分action的归类 -->
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
	
	  </action>
	  
	</package>
</struts>

　　配置web.xml

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <filter>
    <filter-name>Struts</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>Struts</filter-name>
   <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

二.struts的动态方法调用、struts传参（jsp和后台的互传）

1、动态动态方法调用

jsp代码：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>动态方法调用</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo_add.action">新增</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo_del.action">删除</a>


</body>

</html>

　　在struts-sy.xml里面配置了方法传递

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
    <!-- 这包能更加细分action的归类 -->
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
	  <action name="/demo_*" class="com.chenjiahao.web.HelloAction" method="{1}">
	      <result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
	  </action>
	  
	</package>
</struts>

　　java代码

	//动态方法的调用
public class HelloAction（）{
	public String add() {
		System.out.println("调用add方法.......");
		return "rs";
	}
	public String del() {
		System.out.println("调用del方法.......");
		return "rs";
	}
	}

这样就可以调用动态方法了

2、jsp传递参数到后台，后台如何接受

先建一个实体类

package com.chenjiahao.emtity;

public class Cal {

	private String num1;
	private String num2;

	public String getNum1() {
		return num1;
	}

	public void setNum1(String num1) {
		this.num1 = num1;
	}

	public String getNum2() {
		return num2;
	}

	public void setNum2(String num2) {
		this.num2 = num2;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Cal [num1=" + num1 + ", num2=" + num2 + "]";
	}

}

　　 implements modelDrivern
set/get
类实例.属性名

	
public class HelloAction implements ModelDriven<Cal>{

private HttpServletRequest request;
	private Cal cal1=new Cal();
    private Cal cal2;
    private String sex;

	public Cal getCal2() {
		return cal2;
	}

	public void setCal2(Cal cal2) {
		this.cal2 = cal2;
	}	
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
/**
	 * implements ModelDriven   接收参数值
	 * @return
	 */

	public String accept1() {
		System.out.println("cal1:"+cal1);
	return "rs";
	}
/**
	 * 类实例.属性名    接收参数值
	 * @return
	 */
	public String accept2() {
		System.out.println("cal2:"+cal2);
		return "rs";
	}
	/**
	 * set/get    接收参数值
	 * @return
	 */
	public String accept3() {
		System.out.println(sex);
		return "rs";
	}
	


}

　　jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

<h3>后台接收jsp传递参数的三种方法</h3>

<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo_accept1.action?num1=20&&num2=5">accept1</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo_accept2.action?cal2.num1=20&&cal2.num2=5">accept2</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo_accept3.action?sex=nv">accept3</a>

</body>

</html>

　　结果：

3、后台传递到jsp的方式
set/get定义的属性是可以接受到的不需要任何操作

直接在jsp用el表达式

req.set.....

	



public class HelloAction ServletRequestAware{

private HttpServletRequest request;

public String accept1() {
		System.out.println("cal1:"+cal1);
		/**
		 *后台传递到jsp的方式
         *set/get定义的属性是可以接受到的
         *req.set.....
		 */
		//注入耦合
//		request.setAttribute("cal1", cal1);
		//非注入耦合
		HttpServletRequest request2 = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		request2.setAttribute("cal1", cal1);
//		非注入解耦（这种方式一般没人用，因为记不住context的实现类路径）
//		ActionContext context = ActionContext.getContext();
//		context.get("XXXX");
		return "rs";
	}
}

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