C#串口通信—向串口发送数据,同步接收返回数据

最近写C#串口通信程序,系统是B/S架构。SerialPort类有一个DataReceived事件,用来接收串口返回的数据,但这种方式在C/S架构下很好用,但B/S就不好处理了。所以写了一个同步模式接收返回数据的方法,不使用DataReceived事件。经过测试,可以正常使用。

一、MachineFactory类

为什么使用工厂类:售货机由不止一个厂家提供,接口协议都不一样。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Reflection;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Ports; namespace IMachineDll
{
/// <summary>
/// 售货机工厂类
/// </summary>
public class MachineFactory
{
/// <summary>
/// 货机接口缓存
/// </summary>
private static Dictionary<string, IMachine> dicMachine = new Dictionary<string, IMachine>();
/// <summary>
/// 锁变量
/// </summary>
public static object _lock = new object(); /// <summary>
/// 创建售货机类
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">DLL物理路径</param>
/// <param name="dllName">DLL名称(不含扩展名),命名空间必须为DLL名称加“Dll”后缀,类名必须和DLL名称相同</param>
/// <param name="com">串口名称,如:COM1</param>
public static IMachine Create(string path, string dllName, string com)
{
if (!dicMachine.ContainsKey(dllName)
|| dicMachine[dllName] == null)
{
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(path + dllName + ".dll", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
{
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
byte[] byteArray = new byte[];
while (fs.Read(byteArray, , byteArray.Length) > )
{
ms.Write(byteArray, , byteArray.Length);
} Assembly assembly = Assembly.Load(ms.ToArray());
dicMachine[dllName] = (IMachine)assembly.CreateInstance(dllName + "Dll." + dllName, false, BindingFlags.Default, null, new object[] { com }, null, null);
}
}
} return dicMachine[dllName];
}
}
}

二、Machine类

1、变量与构造函数

/// <summary>
/// 串口资源
/// </summary>
private SerialPort serialPort = null; public Machine(string com)
{
serialPort = new SerialPort(com, , Parity.None, , StopBits.One);
serialPort.ReadBufferSize = ;
serialPort.WriteBufferSize = ;
}

2、向串口发送数据,同步接收返回数据的方法:

/// <summary>
/// 向串口发送数据,读取返回数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sendData">发送的数据</param>
/// <returns>返回的数据</returns>
private byte[] ReadPort(byte[] sendData)
{
lock (MachineFactory._lock)
{
//打开连接
if (!serialPort.IsOpen) serialPort.Open(); //发送数据
serialPort.Write(sendData, , sendData.Length); //读取返回数据
DateTime dt = DateTime.Now;
while (serialPort.BytesToRead == )
{
Thread.Sleep(); if (DateTime.Now.Subtract(dt).TotalMilliseconds > ) //如果5秒后仍然无数据返回,则视为超时
{
throw new Exception("主版无响应");
}
}
Thread.Sleep();
byte[] recData = new byte[serialPort.BytesToRead];
serialPort.Read(recData, , recData.Length); //关闭连接
if (serialPort.IsOpen) serialPort.Close(); return recData;
}
}

优化版:

/// <summary>
/// 向串口发送数据,读取返回数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sendData">发送的数据</param>
/// <returns>返回的数据</returns>
private byte[] ReadPort(byte[] sendData)
{
lock (MachineFactory._lock)
{
//打开连接
if (!serialPort.IsOpen) serialPort.Open(); //发送数据
serialPort.Write(sendData, , sendData.Length); //读取返回数据
DateTime dt = DateTime.Now;
while (serialPort.BytesToRead < )
{
Thread.Sleep(); if (DateTime.Now.Subtract(dt).TotalMilliseconds > ) //如果5秒后仍然无数据返回,则视为超时
{
throw new Exception("主版无响应");
}
}
List<byte> recList = new List<byte>();
byte[] recData = new byte[serialPort.BytesToRead];
serialPort.Read(recData, , recData.Length);
recList.AddRange(recData);
int length = recData[] + ; //报文数据总长度
while (recList.Count < length)
{
if (serialPort.BytesToRead > )
{
recData = new byte[serialPort.BytesToRead];
serialPort.Read(recData, , recData.Length);
recList.AddRange(recData);
}
Thread.Sleep();
} //关闭连接
if (serialPort.IsOpen) serialPort.Close(); return recList.ToArray();
}
}

3、发送联机指令:

/// <summary>
/// 联机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg">传出错误信息</param>
/// <returns>联机是否成功</returns>
public bool Connect(out string msg)
{
byte[] sendData = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00 };
CommonUtil.CalCheckCode(sendData);
byte[] recData = ReadPort(sendData); if (recData.Length >=
&& recData[] == 0x01
&& recData[] == 0x02
&& recData[] == 0x00
&& CommonUtil.ValidCheckCode(recData))
{
switch (recData[])
{
case 0x00:
msg = "控制主板正在重启";
return false;
case 0x01:
msg = "联机成功";
return true;
case 0x02:
msg = "控制主板正在维护";
return false;
case 0x03:
msg = "控制主板收到的数据格式不正确";
return false;
default:
msg = "未知状态";
return false;
}
}
else if (IsRunning(recData, out msg) || !IsConnected(recData, out msg))
{
return false;
}
else
{
throw new Exception("货机返回的数据格式不正确");
}
}

三、如何使用

1、Controller层代码(还不完善,仅测试,真实情况是根据硬件信息,确定调用哪个Dll使用哪个串口):

#region 创建售货机接口
/// <summary>
/// 创建售货机接口
/// </summary>
private IMachine CreateMachine()
{
//return MachineFactory.Create(Request.PhysicalApplicationPath + @"\bin\", "Machine", "COM1");
return MachineFactory.Create(@"D:\售药机代码\Reception\Machine\bin\Debug\", "Machine", "COM1");
}
#endregion #region 联机
/// <summary>
/// 联机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg">错误信息</param>
/// <returns>联机是否成功</returns>
private bool Connect(out string msg)
{
try
{
IMachine machine = CreateMachine();
DateTime dt1 = DateTime.Now;
while (!machine.Connect(out msg)) //联机
{
if (DateTime.Now.Subtract(dt1).TotalMilliseconds > )
{
msg = "联机超时";
return false;
}
Thread.Sleep();
} return true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
msg = ex.Message;
return false;
}
}
#endregion #region 单次联机
/// <summary>
/// 单次联机
/// </summary>
public ActionResult Conn()
{
string msg = null;
Dictionary<string, object> dic = null; try
{
IMachine machine = CreateMachine(); if (machine.Connect(out msg)) //联机成功
{
dic = new Dictionary<string, object>();
dic["ok"] = true;
dic["msg"] = "成功";
return Content(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dic));
}
else
{
dic = new Dictionary<string, object>();
dic["ok"] = false;
dic["msg"] = "联机失败:" + msg;
return Content(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dic));
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
dic = new Dictionary<string, object>();
dic["ok"] = false;
dic["msg"] = "错误:" + ex.Message;
return Content(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dic));
}
}
#endregion #region 联机并使能硬纸币器
/// <summary>
/// 联机并使能硬纸币器
/// </summary>
public ActionResult ConnectEnable()
{
string msg = null;
Dictionary<string, object> dic = null; try
{
IMachine machine = CreateMachine(); if (Connect(out msg) && machine.CoinEnable(out msg) && machine.PaperMoneyEnable(out msg)) //联机并使能硬纸币器成功
{
dic = new Dictionary<string, object>();
dic["ok"] = true;
dic["msg"] = "成功";
return Content(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dic));
}
else
{
dic = new Dictionary<string, object>();
dic["ok"] = false;
dic["msg"] = "硬币器使能失败:" + msg;
return Content(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dic));
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
dic = new Dictionary<string, object>();
dic["ok"] = false;
dic["msg"] = "错误:" + ex.Message;
return Content(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dic));
}
}
#endregion

2、前台代码:

@{
ViewBag.Title = "货机接口测试";
Layout = null;
} <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>@ViewBag.Title</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="~/Scripts/LongPolling.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div style="padding: 20px;">
<input type="button" value="联机" onclick="connect()" />
<div style="font-size: 20px; line-height: 30px;">
<div style="padding: 20px;">
<span id="msg">&nbsp;</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<script type="text/javascript">
//联机
function connect() {
commonAjax({
url: "@Url.Content("/MachineInterface/Conn")",
callback: function (data) {
if (data.ok) {
var html = "联机成功";
$("#msg").html(html);
}
else {
alert(data.msg);
}
}
});
}
</script>
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