mysql -h localhost和mysql -h 127.0.0.1的区别

今天遇到一个问题就是mysql -h localhost登陆不了容器内的MySQL服务,感觉很是奇怪,。因为3306端口是没有问题的,所以就研究了一下,发现mysql -h 127.0.0.1和mysql -h IP两种都是可以登陆的,只有写为localhost时就是登陆不进去,后来研究发现:

mysql -h localhost和mysql -h 127.0.0.1的区别,通过localhost连接到mysql是使用UNIX socket,而通过127.0.0.1连接到mysql是使用TCP/IP

比如:

[root@chaofeng test]# mysql -P 3305 -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.7.29 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type help; or \h for help. Type \c to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> status
--------------
mysql  Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.2.31-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1

Connection id:        8
Current database:    
Current user:        root@172.18.0.1
SSL:            Not in use
Current pager:        stdout
Using outfile:        ‘‘
Using delimiter:    ;
Server:            MySQL
Server version:        5.7.29 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version:    10
Connection:        127.0.0.1 via TCP/IP
Server characterset:    utf8
Db     characterset:    utf8
Client characterset:    utf8
Conn.  characterset:    utf8
TCP port:        3305
Uptime:            18 min 44 sec

Threads: 1  Questions: 12  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 105  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 98  Queries per second avg: 0.010

使用mysql -h 127.0.0.1和mysql -h IP连入的话,那么cennection哪里显示的都是via TCP/IP协议,但是使用mysql -h localhost连接的话则是via UNIX socket,这就是两个的区别。

当然我们也可以解决,就是在my.cnf文件里面的[mysql]区段里添加

protocol=tcp即可,。

当然有时候我们使用正确的密码登陆了MySQL,还是会报access denied的错误,也可以用上面的思路来解决一下。

mysql -h localhost和mysql -h 127.0.0.1的区别

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