# ps -ef |grep postgres
root 5371 5336 0 08:58 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto postgres
postgres 21875 1 0 May26 ? 00:00:00 postgres -D /opt/data6000/
postgres 21876 21875 0 May26 ? 00:00:00 postgres: logger
postgres 21878 21875 0 May26 ? 00:00:00 postgres: checkpointer
postgres 21879 21875 0 May26 ? 00:00:00 postgres: background writer
postgres 21880 21875 0 May26 ? 00:00:00 postgres: walwriter
postgres 21881 21875 0 May26 ? 00:00:01 postgres: autovacuum launcher
postgres 21882 21875 0 May26 ? 00:00:01 postgres: stats collector
# sh psql.sh
Last login: Wed May 26 18:11:22 CST 2021 on pts/1
$ psql -l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
db1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)
$ psql -l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
db1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)
$ psql
psql (12.7)
Type "help" for help.
**postgres=# \l**
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
db1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)
postgres=# \h
Available help:
ABORT CHECKPOINT CREATE USER DROP TRIGGER
ALTER AGGREGATE CLOSE CREATE USER MAPPING DROP TYPE
ALTER COLLATION CLUSTER CREATE VIEW DROP USER
ALTER CONVERSION COMMENT DEALLOCATE DROP USER MAPPING
ALTER DATABASE COMMIT DECLARE DROP VIEW
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES COMMIT PREPARED DELETE END
ALTER DOMAIN COPY DISCARD EXECUTE
ALTER EVENT TRIGGER CREATE ACCESS METHOD DO EXPLAIN
ALTER EXTENSION CREATE AGGREGATE DROP ACCESS METHOD FETCH
ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER CREATE CAST DROP AGGREGATE GRANT
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE CREATE COLLATION DROP CAST IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA
ALTER FUNCTION CREATE CONVERSION DROP COLLATION INSERT
ALTER GROUP CREATE DATABASE DROP CONVERSION LISTEN
ALTER INDEX CREATE DOMAIN DROP DATABASE LOAD
ALTER LANGUAGE CREATE EVENT TRIGGER DROP DOMAIN LOCK
ALTER LARGE OBJECT CREATE EXTENSION DROP EVENT TRIGGER MOVE
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER DROP EXTENSION NOTIFY
ALTER OPERATOR CREATE FOREIGN TABLE DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER PREPARE
ALTER OPERATOR CLASS CREATE FUNCTION DROP FOREIGN TABLE PREPARE TRANSACTION
ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY CREATE GROUP DROP FUNCTION REASSIGN OWNED
ALTER POLICY CREATE INDEX DROP GROUP REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW
ALTER PROCEDURE CREATE LANGUAGE DROP INDEX REINDEX
ALTER PUBLICATION CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW DROP LANGUAGE RELEASE SAVEPOINT
ALTER ROLE CREATE OPERATOR DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW RESET
ALTER ROUTINE CREATE OPERATOR CLASS DROP OPERATOR REVOKE
ALTER RULE CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY DROP OPERATOR CLASS ROLLBACK
ALTER SCHEMA CREATE POLICY DROP OPERATOR FAMILY ROLLBACK PREPARED
ALTER SEQUENCE CREATE PROCEDURE DROP OWNED ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
ALTER SERVER CREATE PUBLICATION DROP POLICY SAVEPOINT
ALTER STATISTICS CREATE ROLE DROP PROCEDURE SECURITY LABEL
ALTER SUBSCRIPTION CREATE RULE DROP PUBLICATION SELECT
ALTER SYSTEM CREATE SCHEMA DROP ROLE SELECT INTO
ALTER TABLE CREATE SEQUENCE DROP ROUTINE SET
ALTER TABLESPACE CREATE SERVER DROP RULE SET CONSTRAINTS
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION CREATE STATISTICS DROP SCHEMA SET ROLE
ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY CREATE SUBSCRIPTION DROP SEQUENCE SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER CREATE TABLE DROP SERVER SET TRANSACTION
ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE CREATE TABLE AS DROP STATISTICS SHOW
ALTER TRIGGER CREATE TABLESPACE DROP SUBSCRIPTION START TRANSACTION
ALTER TYPE CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION DROP TABLE TABLE
ALTER USER CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY DROP TABLESPACE TRUNCATE
ALTER USER MAPPING CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION UNLISTEN
ALTER VIEW CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY UPDATE
ANALYZE CREATE TRANSFORM DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER VACUUM
BEGIN CREATE TRIGGER DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE VALUES
CALL CREATE TYPE DROP TRANSFORM WITH
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=#
postgres=#
$ psql
psql (12.7)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
db1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)
postgres=# \d
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner
--------+---------+-------+----------
public | company | table | postgres
public | student | table | postgres
(2 rows)
postgres=# \c db1
You are now connected to database "db1" as user "postgres".
db1=# \h create database
Command: CREATE DATABASE
Description: create a new database
Syntax:
CREATE DATABASE name
[ [ WITH ] [ OWNER [=] user_name ]
[ TEMPLATE [=] template ]
[ ENCODING [=] encoding ]
[ LC_COLLATE [=] lc_collate ]
[ LC_CTYPE [=] lc_ctype ]
[ TABLESPACE [=] tablespace_name ]
[ ALLOW_CONNECTIONS [=] allowconn ]
[ CONNECTION LIMIT [=] connlimit ]
[ IS_TEMPLATE [=] istemplate ] ]
URL: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/sql-createdatabase.html
db1=# \d
Did not find any relations.
db1=# create table t (id int);
CREATE TABLE
db1=# \d
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner
--------+------+-------+----------
public | t | table | postgres
(1 row)
db1=# \d+
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Size | Description
--------+------+-------+----------+---------+-------------
public | t | table | postgres | 0 bytes |
(1 row)
db1=# \d+ t
Table "public.t"
Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default | Storage | Stats target | Description
--------+---------+-----------+----------+---------+---------+--------------+-------------
id | integer | | | | plain | |
Access method: heap
db1=# \timing
Timing is on.
db1=# select count(*) from t;
count
-------
0
(1 row)
Time: 0.963 ms
db1=# \dn
List of schemas
Name | Owner
--------+----------
public | postgres
(1 row)
db1=# \db
List of tablespaces
Name | Owner | Location
------------+----------+----------
pg_default | postgres |
pg_global | postgres |
(2 rows)
db1=# \du
List of roles
Role name | Attributes | Member of
-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+-----------
postgres | Superuser, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Bypass RLS | {}
db1=# \dg
List of roles
Role name | Attributes | Member of
-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+-----------
postgres | Superuser, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Bypass RLS | {}
db1=# \?
General
\copyright show PostgreSQL usage and distribution terms
\crosstabview [COLUMNS] execute query and display results in crosstab
\errverbose show most recent error message at maximum verbosity
\g [FILE] or ; execute query (and send results to file or |pipe)
\gdesc describe result of query, without executing it
\gexec execute query, then execute each value in its result
\gset [PREFIX] execute query and store results in psql variables
\gx [FILE] as \g, but forces expanded output mode
\q quit psql
\watch [SEC] execute query every SEC seconds
Help
\? [commands] show help on backslash commands
\? options show help on psql command-line options
\? variables show help on special variables
\h [NAME] help on syntax of SQL commands, * for all commands
Query Buffer
\e [FILE] [LINE] edit the query buffer (or file) with external editor
\ef [FUNCNAME [LINE]] edit function definition with external editor
db1=# \d
information_schema. pg_temp_1. pg_toast_temp_1. t
pg_catalog. pg_toast. public.
db1=# \set autocommit off;
db1=# \set autocommit on;
db1=#
psql常见用法