阿里云ECS服务器快速搭建Docker环境

一、安装Docker CE

Docker有两个分支版本:Docker CE和Docker EE,即社区版和企业版

本教程基于CentOS 7安装Docker CE

1. 安装Docker的依赖库
[root@liza ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
2. 添加Docker CE的软件源信息
[root@liza ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
adding repo from: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
3. 安装Docker CE
[root@liza ~]# yum makecache fast
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
base                                                                                                          | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
docker-ce-stable                                                                                              | 3.5 kB  00:00:00     
epel                                                                                                          | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                        | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                       | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/2): docker-ce-stable/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                     |   55 B  00:00:00     
(2/2): docker-ce-stable/x86_64/primary_db                                                                     |  52 kB  00:00:00     
Metadata Cache Created

[root@liza ~]# yum -y install docker-ce
4. 启动Docker服务
[root@liza ~]# systemctl start docker

二、配置阿里云镜像仓库(镜像加速)

Docker的默认官方远程仓库是hub.docker.com,由于网络原因,下载一个Docker官方镜像可能会需要很长的时间,甚至下载失败

为此,阿里云容器镜像服务ACR提供了官方的镜像站点,从而加速官方镜像的下载下面介绍如何使用阿里云镜像仓库

1. 登录容器镜像服务控制台

登录成功页面如下。(若弹出开通服务窗口,关闭即可)

阿里云ECS服务器快速搭建Docker环境

2. 单击【镜像中心】 > 【镜像加速器】,可以看到阿里云为您提供了一个专属的镜像加速地址

阿里云ECS服务器快速搭建Docker环境

3. 配置Docker的自定义镜像仓库地址
[root@liza ~]# tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
> {
>  "registry-mirrors": ["https://ktfoq759.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
> }
> EOF
{
 "registry-mirrors": ["https://ktfoq759.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
4. 重新加载服务配置文件
[root@liza ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
5. 重启Docker服务
[root@liza ~]# systemctl restart docker

三、使用Docker安装Nginx服务

1. 查看Docker镜像仓库中Nginx的可用版本
[root@liza ~]# docker search nginx
NAME                               DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
nginx                              Official build of Nginx.                        14291     [OK]       
jwilder/nginx-proxy                Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con…   1941                 [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm            Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable of…   801                  [OK]
linuxserver/nginx                  An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS…   139                  
jc21/nginx-proxy-manager           Docker container for managing Nginx proxy ho…   132                  
tiangolo/nginx-rtmp                Docker image with Nginx using the nginx-rtmp…   109                  [OK]
bitnami/nginx                      Bitnami nginx Docker Image                      93                   [OK]
alfg/nginx-rtmp                    NGINX, nginx-rtmp-module and FFmpeg from sou…   86                   [OK]
jlesage/nginx-proxy-manager        Docker container for Nginx Proxy Manager        82                   [OK]
nginxdemos/hello                   NGINX webserver that serves a simple page co…   65                   [OK]
nginx/nginx-ingress                NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes         46                   
privatebin/nginx-fpm-alpine        PrivateBin running on an Nginx, php-fpm & Al…   44                   [OK]
nginxinc/nginx-unprivileged        Unprivileged NGINX Dockerfiles                  28                   
schmunk42/nginx-redirect           A very simple container to redirect HTTP tra…   19                   [OK]
staticfloat/nginx-certbot          Opinionated setup for automatic TLS certs lo…   16                   [OK]
centos/nginx-112-centos7           Platform for running nginx 1.12 or building …   15                   
nginx/nginx-prometheus-exporter    NGINX Prometheus Exporter                       15                   
centos/nginx-18-centos7            Platform for running nginx 1.8 or building n…   13                   
raulr/nginx-wordpress              Nginx front-end for the official wordpress:f…   13                   [OK]
flashspys/nginx-static             Super Lightweight Nginx Image                   8                    [OK]
mailu/nginx                        Mailu nginx frontend                            8                    [OK]
bitnami/nginx-ingress-controller   Bitnami Docker Image for NGINX Ingress Contr…   7                    [OK]
bitwarden/nginx                    The Bitwarden nginx web server acting as a r…   7                    
ansibleplaybookbundle/nginx-apb    An APB to deploy NGINX                          2                    [OK]
wodby/nginx                        Generic nginx                                   1                    [OK]

2. 拉取最新版的Nginx镜像
[root@liza ~]# docker pull nginx:latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
a076a628af6f: Pull complete 
0732ab25fa22: Pull complete 
d7f36f6fe38f: Pull complete 
f72584a26f32: Pull complete 
7125e4df9063: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:10b8cc432d56da8b61b070f4c7d2543a9ed17c2b23010b43af434fd40e2ca4aa
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest
3. 查看本地镜像
[root@liza ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
nginx        latest    f6d0b4767a6c   44 hours ago   133MB

4. 运行容器
[root@liza ~]# docker run --name nginx-test -p 8080:80 -d nginx
47097e5b37b62b2ae2cd47a87df20ace66b62116c54d86e5da9e8add5800efba

命令参数说明:

  • –name nginx-test:容器名称。
  • -p 8080:80: 端口进行映射,将本地8080端口映射到容器内部的80端口。
  • -d nginx: 设置容器在后台一直运行。
5. 在浏览器地址栏输入http://<ECS公网地址>:8080访问Nginx服务

阿里云ECS服务器快速搭建Docker环境

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