dubbo源码分析- 集群容错之Cluster(一)

1、集群容错的配置项

  • failover - 失败自动切换,当出现失败,重试其他服务器(缺省),通常用于读操作,但重试会带来更长的延时。
  • failfast - 快速失效,只发起一次调用,失败立即报错。通常用于非幂等性写操作,比如说新增记录
  • failsafe - 失败安全,出现异常时,直接忽略,通常用于写入审计日志等操作
  • failback - 失败自动恢复,后台记录失败请求,定时重发,通常用于消息通知操作
  • forking - 并行调用多个服务器,只要一个成功即返回。通常用于实时性要求较高的读操作,但需要浪费更多的服务器资源。

如果没有设置集群的cluster,则默认值为:failover;在cluster默认为failover时如果没有设置retries的值,则默认使用default.retries+1 = 0+1,即重试1次,如果设置了retries的值,则使用配置的值(比如:retries=2则重试2次)。

如果dubbo的provider所提供的服务中涉及到数据库操作,最好使用failfast,避免幂等操作抛出异常,或者使用默认cluster时可能导致的数据重试插入多条等情况。

dubbo源码分析- 集群容错之Cluster(一)

FailoverCluster相关代码:
    @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
    public Result doInvoke(Invocation invocation, final List<Invoker<T>> invokers, LoadBalance loadbalance) throws RpcException {
        List<Invoker<T>> copyinvokers = invokers;
        checkInvokers(copyinvokers, invocation);
        int len = getUrl().getMethodParameter(invocation.getMethodName(), Constants.RETRIES_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_RETRIES) + 1;
        if (len <= 0) {
            len = 1;
        }
        // retry loop.
        RpcException le = null; // last exception.
        List<Invoker<T>> invoked = new ArrayList<Invoker<T>>(copyinvokers.size()); // invoked invokers.
        Set<String> providers = new HashSet<String>(len);
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            //Reselect before retry to avoid a change of candidate `invokers`.
            //NOTE: if `invokers` changed, then `invoked` also lose accuracy.
            if (i > 0) {
                checkWhetherDestroyed();
                copyinvokers = list(invocation);
                // check again
                checkInvokers(copyinvokers, invocation);
            }
            Invoker<T> invoker = select(loadbalance, invocation, copyinvokers, invoked);
            invoked.add(invoker);
            RpcContext.getContext().setInvokers((List) invoked);
            try {
                Result result = invoker.invoke(invocation);
                if (le != null && logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                    logger.warn("Although retry the method " + invocation.getMethodName()
                            + " in the service " + getInterface().getName()
                            + " was successful by the provider " + invoker.getUrl().getAddress()
                            + ", but there have been failed providers " + providers
                            + " (" + providers.size() + "/" + copyinvokers.size()
                            + ") from the registry " + directory.getUrl().getAddress()
                            + " on the consumer " + NetUtils.getLocalHost()
                            + " using the dubbo version " + Version.getVersion() + ". Last error is: "
                            + le.getMessage(), le);
                }
                return result;
            } catch (RpcException e) {
                if (e.isBiz()) { // biz exception.
                    throw e;
                }
                le = e;
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                le = new RpcException(e.getMessage(), e);
            } finally {
                providers.add(invoker.getUrl().getAddress());
            }
        }
        throw new RpcException(le != null ? le.getCode() : 0, "Failed to invoke the method "
                + invocation.getMethodName() + " in the service " + getInterface().getName()
                + ". Tried " + len + " times of the providers " + providers
                + " (" + providers.size() + "/" + copyinvokers.size()
                + ") from the registry " + directory.getUrl().getAddress()
                + " on the consumer " + NetUtils.getLocalHost() + " using the dubbo version "
                + Version.getVersion() + ". Last error is: "
                + (le != null ? le.getMessage() : ""), le != null && le.getCause() != null ? le.getCause() : le);
    }

2、集群容错的配置

  • failover
<!-- Provider side -->
<dubbo:service retries="2" />

<!-- Consumer side -->
<dubbo:reference retries="2" />

<!-- Consumer side,Method -->
<dubbo:reference>
    <dubbo:method name="findFoo" retries="2" />
</dubbo:reference>
  • failfast
<!-- Provider side -->
<dubbo:service cluster="failfast"/>

<!-- Consumer side -->
<dubbo:reference cluster="failfast"/>
  • failsafe
<!-- Provider side -->
<dubbo:service cluster="failsafe"/>

<!-- Consumer side -->
<dubbo:reference cluster="failsafe"/>
  • failback
<!-- Provider side -->
<dubbo:service cluster="failback"/>

<!-- Consumer side -->
<dubbo:reference cluster="failback"/>
  • forking
<!-- Provider side -->
<dubbo:service cluster="forking"/>

<!-- Consumer side -->
<dubbo:reference cluster="forking"/>

 

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