[转][linux]简单的linux下的tcp/udp

转自:https://blog.csdn.net/cabing2005/article/details/53068880

详细函数以及参数解释请看原链接。

windows下的tcp/udp参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/lyggqm/p/6558002.html

TCP SERVER:

//
// main.cpp
// linux_socket_api
//
// Created by bikang on 16/11/2.
// Copyright (c) 2016年 bikang. All rights reserved.
// #include <iostream> #include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h> //using namespace std; #define BUFFER_SIZE 1024 void tsocket(int argc, const char * argv[]); int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
tsocket(argc,argv);
return ;
}
void tsocket(int argc, const char * argv[]){
if(argc < ){
exit(-);
} const char* ip = argv[];
int port = atoi(argv[]);
int backlog = atoi(argv[]); std::cout << "ip=" << ip << " port="<<port << " backlog=" << backlog << std::endl; int fd;
int check_ret; fd = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM , );
assert(fd >= ); struct sockaddr_in address;
bzero(&address,sizeof(address)); //转换成网络地址
address.sin_port = htons(port);
address.sin_family = AF_INET;
//地址转换
inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &address.sin_addr);
//设置socket buffer大小
int recvbuf = ;
int len = sizeof( recvbuf );
setsockopt( fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &recvbuf, sizeof( recvbuf ) );
getsockopt( fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &recvbuf, ( socklen_t* )&len );
printf( "the receive buffer size after settting is %d\n", recvbuf ); //绑定ip和端口
check_ret = bind(fd,(struct sockaddr*)&address,sizeof(address));
assert(check_ret >= ); //创建监听队列,用来存放待处理的客户连接
check_ret = listen(fd, backlog);
assert(check_ret >= ); struct sockaddr_in addressClient;
socklen_t clientLen = sizeof(addressClient);
//接受连接,阻塞函数
int connfd = accept(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&addressClient, &clientLen);
if(connfd < ){
std::cout << "accept error";
}else{
//打印客户端信息
char showData[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
std::cout <<inet_ntop(AF_INET,&addressClient.sin_addr,showData,INET_ADDRSTRLEN)<<":" <<ntohs(addressClient.sin_port)<<std::endl; //接受数据
const int BUF_LEN = ;
char sockBuf[BUF_LEN];
size_t ret; memset(sockBuf, '\0', BUF_LEN);
ret = recv(connfd, sockBuf, BUF_LEN-, );
printf("ret=%ld,msg=%s\n",ret,sockBuf); memset(sockBuf, '\0', BUF_LEN);
ret = recv(connfd, sockBuf, BUF_LEN-, MSG_OOB);
printf("ret=%ld,msg=%s\n",ret,sockBuf); memset(sockBuf, '\0', BUF_LEN);
ret = recv(connfd, sockBuf, BUF_LEN-, );
printf("ret=%ld,msg=%s\n",ret,sockBuf); //获取本地socket信息
struct sockaddr_in tmpAddress;
clientLen = sizeof(tmpAddress);
getsockname(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&tmpAddress, &clientLen);
std::cout <<inet_ntop(AF_INET,&tmpAddress.sin_addr,showData,INET_ADDRSTRLEN)<<":" <<ntohs(tmpAddress.sin_port)<<std::endl;
//获取远端socket信息
getpeername(connfd,(struct sockaddr*)&tmpAddress, &clientLen );
std::cout <<inet_ntop(AF_INET,&tmpAddress.sin_addr,showData,INET_ADDRSTRLEN)<<":" <<ntohs(tmpAddress.sin_port)<<std::endl; close(connfd);
} close(fd);
}

TCP CLIENT:

//
// main.cpp
// linux_socket_api_client
//
// Created by bikang on 16/11/2.
// Copyright (c) 2016年 bikang. All rights reserved.
//
#include <iostream> #include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h> void tserver(int argc, const char * argv[]); int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
tserver(argc,argv);
return ;
}
void tserver(int argc, const char * argv[]){
std::cout << "t server" << std::endl;
if(argc < ){
exit(-);
} const char* ip = argv[];
int port = atoi(argv[]);
int backlog = atoi(argv[]); std::cout << "ip=" << ip << " port="<<port << " backlog=" << backlog << std::endl; int fd;
int check_ret; fd = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM , );
assert(fd >= ); int sendbuf = ;
int len = sizeof( sendbuf );
setsockopt( fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sendbuf, sizeof( sendbuf ) );
getsockopt( fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sendbuf, ( socklen_t* )&len );
printf( "the send buffer size after settting is %d\n", sendbuf ); struct sockaddr_in address;
bzero(&address,sizeof(address)); //转换成网络地址
address.sin_port = htons(port);
address.sin_family = AF_INET;
//地址转换
inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &address.sin_addr);
check_ret = connect(fd, (struct sockaddr*) &address, sizeof(address));
assert(check_ret >= );
//发送数据
const char* oob_data = "abc";
const char* normal_data = "my boy!"; send(fd, normal_data, strlen(normal_data), );
send(fd, oob_data, strlen(oob_data), MSG_OOB);
send(fd, normal_data, strlen(normal_data), ); close(fd);
}

UDP SERVER:

#include <iostream>

#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h> //using namespace std; #define BUFFER_SIZE 1024 void tsocket(int argc, const char * argv[]); int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
tsocket(argc,argv);
return ;
}
void tsocket(int argc, const char * argv[]){
if(argc < ){
exit(-);
} const char* ip = argv[];
int port = atoi(argv[]);
int backlog = atoi(argv[]); std::cout << "ip=" << ip << " port="<<port << " backlog=" << backlog << std::endl; int fd;
int check_ret; fd = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM , );
assert(fd >= ); struct sockaddr_in address;
bzero(&address,sizeof(address)); //转换成网络地址
address.sin_port = htons(port);
address.sin_family = AF_INET;
//地址转换
inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &address.sin_addr); //绑定ip和端口
check_ret = bind(fd,(struct sockaddr*)&address,sizeof(address));
assert(check_ret >= ); while(){ char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
struct sockaddr_in addressClient;
socklen_t clientLen = sizeof(addressClient);
memset(buffer, '\0', BUFFER_SIZE);
//获取信息
if(recvfrom(fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE-,,(struct sockaddr*)&addressClient, &clientLen) == -)
{
perror("Receive Data Failed:");
exit();
}
printf("buffer=%s\n", buffer);
}
close(fd);
}

UDP CLIENT:

//
// main.cpp
// linux_socket_api_client
//
// Created by bikang on 16/11/2.
// Copyright (c) 2016年 bikang. All rights reserved.
//
#include <iostream> #include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h> void tserver(int argc, const char * argv[]); int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
tserver(argc,argv);
return ;
}
void tserver(int argc, const char * argv[]){
std::cout << "t server" << std::endl;
if(argc < ){
exit(-);
} const char* ip = argv[];
int port = atoi(argv[]);
int backlog = atoi(argv[]); std::cout << "ip=" << ip << " port="<<port << " backlog=" << backlog << std::endl; int fd;
int check_ret; fd = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM , );
assert(fd >= ); struct sockaddr_in address;
bzero(&address,sizeof(address)); //转换成网络地址
address.sin_port = htons(port);
address.sin_family = AF_INET;
//地址转换
inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &address.sin_addr);
//发送数据
const char* normal_data = "my boy!";
if(sendto(fd, normal_data, strlen(normal_data),,(struct sockaddr*)&address,sizeof(address)) < )
{
perror("Send File Name Failed:");
exit();
}
close(fd);
}

另附:

linux网络编程常用头文件:

sys/types.h:数据类型定义

sys/socket.h:提供socket函数及数据结构

netinet/in.h:定义数据结构sockaddr_in

arpa/inet.h:提供IP地址转换函数

netdb.h:提供设置及获取域名的函数

sys/ioctl.h:提供对I/O控制的函数

sys/poll.h:提供socket等待测试机制的函数

其他在网络程序中常见的头文件 
unistd.h:提供通用的文件、目录、程序及进程操作的函数

errno.h:提供错误号errno的定义,用于错误处理

fcntl.h:提供对文件控制的函数

time.h:提供有关时间的函数

crypt.h:提供使用DES加密算法的加密函数

pwd.h:提供对/etc/passwd文件访问的函数

shadow.h:提供对/etc/shadow文件访问的函数

pthread.h:提供多线程操作的函数

signal.h:提供对信号操作的函数

sys/wait.h、sys/ipc.h、sys/shm.h:提供进程等待、进程间通讯(IPC)及共享内存的函数

在编写网络程序时,可以直接使用下面这段头文件代码

#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

涉及到用户权限及密码验证问题时加入如下语句:
#include <shadow.h>
#include <crypt.h>
#include <pwd.h> 
需要注意的是,应该在编译时链接加密算法库,即增加编译选项:
-lcrypt

涉及到文件及时间操作加入如下语句: 
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <utime.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/file.h>

涉及到多进程操作时加入如下语句: 
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <signal.h>

涉及到多线程操作时加入如下语句: 
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
需要注意的是,应该在编译时链接线程库,即增加编译选项:-lthread

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