当前情况：大表的数据量已接近2亿条
我的解决思路：为它创建n*100个分区表，将各个分区表放在不同的tablespace上
这样做的优点：
1、首先是对这个级别的数据表的性能会有所提升
2、数据管理更科学
3、生产运维过程故障排查便捷
实验环境
VM Ware ESXi
Redhat 6.3 64bit
PostgreSQL 9.2/9.3
内存：2G
实现方法（同样适用于Oracle）
1、创建测试表
/**
创建300个分区表，每张表写入5万数据
*/
-- -------------------- step1 : CREATE TABLE--------------------
DROP TABLE parttest;
CREATE TABLE parttest (some_test TEXT,some_tstimestamptz TEXT,random_value INT4, p_condition DATE)
PARTITION BY RANGE(p_condition)
(
PARTITION p_2013_09_02_and_early VALUES LESS THAN ('2013-09-03')
);
2、已时间为分区条件，创建300个分区表的过程
-- -------------------- step2 : CREATE PARTITION PROCEDUCE --------------------
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE create_partition_withindex() AS DECLARE
tblname varchar := 'parttest';
tblname_prefix varchar := 'p_condition';
part_tbl_name varchar;
current_part_name varchar;
sql_addpartition_cmd varchar; BEGIN
-- POPULATE SQL COMMAND
-- PARTITION TABLE'S NAME IS LIKE "TABLENAME_p_2019_12_31"
FOR j IN 1..300 LOOP
current_part_name := to_char(current_date + j,'YYYY_MM_DD');
part_tbl_name := tblname_prefix || '_p_' || current_part_name; -- POPULATE SQL COMMAND STRING
sql_addpartition_cmd = 'ALTER TABLE ' || tblname || ' ADD PARTITION p_' || current_part_name || ' VALUES LESS THAN (''' || (current_date + j + 1) || ''');';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(sql_addpartition_cmd);
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE sql_addpartition_cmd; IF ((j % 30) = 0) THEN
COMMIT;
END IF; END LOOP; EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'ALTER TABLE ' || tblname || ' ADD PARTITION p_' || to_char(current_date + 300 + 1,'YYYY_MM_DD') || '_and_later VALUES LESS THAN (''' || (current_date + 300 + 2) || ''');';
END;
3、创建分区表
-- -------------------- step3 CREATE PARTITION --------------------
EXEC create_partition_withindex;
DEMO测试
1、创建写入数据的存储过程
-- -------------------- step4 CREATE TEST DATA PROCEDUCE -------------------- CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE create_partition_testdata() AS DECLARE BEGIN
FOR i IN 0..300 LOOP
INSERT INTO parttest (some_test, some_tstimestamptz, random_value,p_condition)
SELECT
'user #' || cast(floor(random() * 10) as int4),
now() - '1 year'::INTERVAL * random(),
cast(random() * 100000000 as INT4),
(current_date + i)
FROM
generate_series(1,500000);
COMMIT;
END LOOP;
END;
2、执行写入数据的存储过程
-- -------------------- step5 CREATE TEST DATA --------------------
EXEC create_partition_testdata;
3、检查写入数据的数据量
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM parttest;
如果有必要，在写入数据时可以记录一下创建分区表及写入数据的时间数据。